Today in Sasha’s history.
Author: Sasha
This article is the original Sausa, and the reproduction of any media is declined
How did the anti -toxic mask of the World War I made? April 22, 1915: During the First World War, the Germans used chlorine to attack the coalition forces. This is the first time that human beings have used chemical weapons on a large scale.
Looking at the photos of the Battlefield of the First World War, the biggest feeling is that the soldiers seem to be like a ghost or ghost.
Why do this?
Most of them wear anti -virus masks, and they can’t see their looks at all.
Why do you do this? After the first poison gas attack in 1915, any soldier must wear anti -virus masks, otherwise it may be finished at any time.
When did the anti -virus mask appear earlier?
This is a long story.
As early as ancient times, there were anti -toxic masks around the world, but the usage was different.
In the era of black death in Europe, the plague doctors who are responsible for dealing with corpses and rescue patients have a manipulator.
Humans did not know bacteria and viruses at that time, and thought that the death of black death was a spread of poisonous gas, which could not be seen with the naked eye.
Plague doctors use a anti -toxic mask to reduce their mortality.
It seems that this mask has some sterilization effects, and the resistance to black death has little effect, which is slightly better than.
Medieval European medicine is backward, and doctors generally believe that spices can fight against plague.
As a result, a lot of spices are placed in the mask: ambergris, bee flowers, leaving orchid fragrant leaves, camphor, cloves, opium, no medicine, rose petals.
There are too many drugs, and the traditional mask cannot be accommodated at all, so the mask is made into a bird’s pump.
Over time, the doctor of the bird’s mouth plague became a symbol of death, representing fear and despair.
In ancient China, poisonous gas weapons were often used, mostly for siege.
The Northern Song Dynasty’s “General Extraordinary” records a poisonous smoke ball in the primary firearm. Fourteen or two, Bardou Five Two, Wolf Poisoning Five or two, Tong oil twenty -two -half, small oil two or two halves, fifty -two chains, two and two halves of asphalt, two or two in frost, one or two in bamboo, Zhiru one or two points , Ma Ru is one or two points, pounding into the ball, with one hemp rope, one feet and two feet long, weighing half a catty, as a string. Half of the yellow wax, Yellow Dan one or two points, the last half pound of the charcoal, pounding Fu Fu outside. If the qi is smoked, the nosebleeds come out of the mouth. “
Take a look at this kind of poisonous smoke ball manufacturing is very complicated, and it is invested in the enemy camp with a stone carrin.
These poisonous gas seemed to be fatal today, and it can still lead to dyspnea, influence vision, panic, and burns and respiratory tract.
Of course, the ancient Chinese also had methods of dealing with it, such as the veil soaked in vinegar as a mask. This is the ancient Chinese anti -virus mask.
In modern times, the technology of anti -toxic mask has developed rapidly, not for military.
There are two industries in modern times that they like toxic masks. The first is the miners. They need to work in the mine where the gas is filled with gas, and they will be injured if they are not careful. The second is the firefighter. It was smoked to death by poisonous gas.
There is a market if necessary, and scientific progress in this area is very fast.
As early as 1823, John Brothers and Charles Dien brothers studied the anti -virus mask of firefighters, and the effect was obvious but there were many defects.
In 1849, the American inventor Lewis obtained a patent of “inhaler or lung protector”. This is the first anti -virus mask in the United States that can purify air. It is mainly used for filtering dust and mainly used by miners.
In 1854, Scottish scientists invented a simple mask with a charcoal filtering toxic gas, which was a very practical design.
Since then, anti -toxic masks have become popular.
Before the outbreak of World War I, the anti -virus mask technology was relatively mature, and miners, firefighters, and even divers had their own masks.
The anti -virus mask used by American firefighters was designed in 1914 by American scientist Latt Morgan.
This kind of anti -toxic mask is very practical. 32 people who have been trapped in more than 100 meters after rescue the explosion, becoming the main equipment of the US fire brigade.
The military anti -virus mask of World War I was referred to the design of JP Morgan.
In 1915, the British invented the carbon monoxide respiratory in Britain before the World War I gas war started.
At that time, the artillery battle was fierce, and a few percent of the artillery shells would not explode each time.
The unburdone on these positions release a large amount of carbon monoxide. This kind of carbon monoxide is also fatal. It will kill the British soldiers in the trenches and must be equipped with a respirator.
In the First World War, the Germans used chlorine gas in the Second Iprere battle in April 1915, causing more than 5,000 soldiers of the British and French forces to poison.
The British army was already prepared, but did not have a large amount of anti -virus mask, and still lost heavy losses.
Before the military did not provide reliable anti -virus masks, British and French soldiers could only try to save themselves, and soon discovered two things.
First, as long as you cover the nose and nose with a towel soaked in water, you can weaken the dangers of poisonous gas.
Interestingly, there was a French Algerian cavalry forces being attacked by poisonous gas.
In the hurry, the French cavalry could not find the water, so they used the horses that had not been treated with the towels, and then covered their nose.
Surprisingly, none of these cavalry died, but the neighbors and troops were severe.
Allied forces began to realize that material in urine could resist poisonous gas.
The information is written like this: Because the chlorine gas has a certain solubility in the water, Lieutenant Colonel Ferguson of the 28th Division of the British Army proposed to use the water soaked in water to block the inhalation of chlorine gas. After a Canadian officer confirmed that the poison gas was chlorine, it also suggested that soldiers to pee on gauze and towels before covering their mouths and nose, because urea can chemically react with chlorine to reduce the toxicity of chlorine.
Second, it is a funny discovery that originated from the wild boar.
The chlorine gas is very devastating to any creature, and a large number of wild animals die on the battlefield.
The British soldiers strangely found that other animals were dead, and it seemed that only wild boars were not affected.
After they reported to their superiors, the experts tested the wild boar. It turned out that after the smell of the wild pig smelling the gas, it would instinctively use a long mouth to bury the nose into the loose soil. The soil played a role in filtering and adsorbing poison gas.
Writing in the information: Inspired by this, the coalition scientists subsequently proposed to use “activated carbon” or sodium carbonate and large soda to adsorb toxic gas. Essence
Summarizing various experiences around the world, doctors in Canada Clooney McPerson quickly invented a anti -virus mask. It has a chemical adsorbent’s vuler, which can effectively absorb chlorine in the air, which is also the main component of early poisonous gas bombs.
Dr. McFussen is the first designer of the military anti -virus mask.
In June 1915, the British army was equipped with such anti -virus masks and improved it to “Haibo helmet”.
Due to the progress of the war, the anti -virus mask is also constantly improving, and the gas gas is constantly upgrading.
The information is written like this: In 1916, scientists developed and improved a “boxrespirator” based on the original anti -virus mask. This “box anti -virus mask” is the pinnacle of the anti -poison mask during the World War I. It consists of two parts, one is the helmet, and the other is the filter tank of the chemicals, which is box -shaped. Two parts are connected through a hose. The chemicals in the filter tank can have a chemical reaction with the gas gas to reduce the effect of poisonous gas, so that soldiers can inhale fresh air after the hose.
This mask produces a total of 16 million in Britain.
Studies have shown that any anti -virus mask is not 100 % reliable.
Soldiers wearing anti -virus masks still inevitably inhaled some poisonous gas, causing permanent damage to the body.
Wearing the anti -virus mask itself, even if there is no poisonous gas, it is also a great threat to physical health.
Some enemies repeatedly released the position of poisonous gas, and soldiers could only wear masks 24 hours. Due to poor breathing and the high temperature inside the mask, they are extremely painful. They are not as good as dead, and the head microvascular will crack.
It didn’t take long to appear poisonous gas such as mustard gas. It can kill the soldiers through the skin, and the anti -virus mask is useless.
Hitler was blinded by the mustard gas for a while, and he almost committed suicide.
It is said that Hitler believes that poisonous gas is a very vicious weapon and did not use it during World War II.
Due to the horror energy of World War I, Britain stored up to 87 million anti -virus masks and sent it to every British in World War II.
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